Horizontal Windmills - table of locations 🌍

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Table of constructed horizontal windmills

millid	name	location	region	date	designer	owner	purpose
2796	Pashley Down	Eastbourne	Sussex	1752	Thomas Mortimer		corn mill	condition:some footings of the building have been excavated and survive ngr:TV 59259814 note:converted from, or built on top of a bolting house
11126	Round House	Splash Point, Eastbourne	Sussex	1757	Thomas Mortimer		corn mill
		Ocklynge	Sussex	c1761	Thomas Mortimer		corn mill	condition:site excavated in 1970 ngr:TQ 59520070 demise:burnt down 1811
		Buxted Place	Sussex	1776	Stephen Hooper	George Medley	drawing water, and sundry family uses	building:installed in an existing rooftop turret
		Eastbourne	Sussex	1779	Stephen Hooper	Mr Gilbert	raising well water
	Coombe Place	Lewes	Sussex	1784		Sir John Bridger	water supply
	Pepper Pot/Pepper Box	Brighton	Sussex	1830		Thomas Attree	water pump	builder:Sir Charles Barry condition:survives without mechanism, having spent time as variously a WWII observation tower, Scout troop accommodation, artists studio, and public lavatories
	Muntham House	Findon	Sussex	1794	William Frankland		raising water
	Scrapheap Challenge	Beachy Head	Sussex	2000	Giles Pearson		drive a coffee grinder	builder:Techno Teachers note:temporary presence, for a TV programme
11010	Hooper's mill	Margate	Kent	1780	Stephen Hooper		corn mill
		Sandwich	Kent	1836		Anthony Slaughter	bark grinding for a tannery
	Newlands	Westerham	Kent	1792			corn mill	tenant:W. Bignold
	Fort Townshend	Sheerness	Kent	1782	Stephen Hooper		pumping water from well	note:machinery could be driven by wind, or by horse power
		Bexley	Kent	1842			nickel refinery
	Rifle Range	Gravesend	Kent	1896	Rollason's wind motor
	Whitton Place	Hounslow Heath	London	1749		Duke of Argyle	raising water	sails:8 sails, 7.5ft high, 3ft broad, supported on 4 10ft diameters building:brick built 20ft square, 15ft high
		Knightsbridge	London	1764	Joseph Thornhill		grinding colours for a oil cloth manufacturer	sails:fixed, with movable shutters to restrict which half of sails were acted upon building:rooftop octagonal tower
	Imperial Baths	Hackney Fields	London	1827			pumping water
11433	Fowler's air mill	Battersea	London	1788	Stephen Hooper	Thomas Fowler	linseed oil, later flour mill, and distillery mill	sails:96 floats (vanes), inside a shuttered conical superstructure 80ft high, 52 ft diameter reducing to 45ft at the top building:a rectangular 2 storey high building, containing at least 6 pairs of stones
11430		Mitcham Common	London					sails:almost square sails, possibly 12, arranged to furl on the upwind side. No surrounding enclosure. building:4 sided tower
		Haggerston	London	1828			pumping
	Fore Street	Limehouse	London	1826				note:described as a model
	Polytechnic Institution	309 Regent Street	London	1839		George Cayley	demonstration purposes	note:inside the building, in the Hall of Manufactures, so possibly just a model
x2		Dalston	London	2009	EXYZT		art project, but actually drove a generator, and a small counter-top corn mill	sails:6 hemispheres building:temporary open frame structure, made from scaffolding poles
	Rollason's Works	Willesden Junction	London	1893	Rollason's wind motor		electrical generation	sails:5 sails, 20 ft high building:open hexagonal iron framework tower, with an enclosed wooden hut holding the electrical gear
	Olympic Park	Stratford	London	2011	Quiet Revolution		electrical generation (or greenwashing if you are cynical)	sails:vertical axis wind turbine with 3 helical blades note:a row of 7 of these were installed, the 2 southern most were removed in 2013
		Hanwell Park	Middlesex	1802		William Harwood		note:Power source not given, but presumed to be wind
		Sutton Wash	Lincolnshire	1807		Torry Elston	corn mill	note:Power source not given, but presumed to be wind
		Wiltshire	Wiltshire	1809			corn mill
		Etruria	Staffordshire	designed 1768, installed 1779, superseded 1791	Dr. Erasmus Darwin	Josiah Wedgwood	grinding flint	sails:although rotating horizontally, the sails were driven from below by rising air, rather than by hitting the sails from the side
		Norwich	Norfolk	1813	Thomas Walker		drove wire working machinery
		Hereford	Herefordshire	1850		Mr Rowan	grinding charcoal, bones etc.
	Old Round House	Redditch	Worcestershire	c1780		William Sheward	needle making	building:brick or stone 28ft diameter circular building with 16 long slots to admit the wind
		Stow in the Wold	Gloucestershire	c1800			raising water
	Wilson's foundry	Leicester	Leicestershire	1815				maker:Mr Wilson note:The foundry certainly made windmills - not sure if any were actually in regular use there
		Exton Park	Leicestershire	1812	Mr Long		drove a threshing machine	maker:Mr Wilson
		Hundon	Suffolk	1899	Rollason's wind motor		pumping water
13504		Husborne Crawley	Bedfordshire	1815		Duke of Bedford	brickworks pug mill
		Witham	Yorkshire	1816	Robert Dawson		grinding paint
		Hornsea	Yorkshire	1903	Rollason's wind motor		pumping	ngr:TA 2069247525 gps:53.90983, -0.16419
	The Gables - London St workhouse	Whitchurch	Hampshire	1897	Rollason's wind motor		pumping water	note:Appears to have been taken down within a year
	Waterford sewerage works	Lymington	Hampshire	1897	Rollason's wind motor		pumping water	note:Proposed - may not have been built
	Derby wind-motor	Morley	Derbyshire	1894	Messrs. Samuel Evans and Co.			sails:10, skuttle shape, made of sheet steel
		unfrequented parts of Cornwall	Cornwall	1838			mine drainage, and thus keeping a mill pond full for water driven stamps
		West Cornwall	Cornwall	1838	Edward Concanan		mine drainage, thus providing water for a waterwheel, and for dressing leavings
	Alun Tool Works	Caergwrle	Wales	1895	J Griffiths		electricity generation, pumping
		Marykirk	Scotland	1891	James Blyth		electricity generation	sails:8 sails, in the form of half barrels, attached at the ends of wooden arm, and linked with wire braces to the next sail building:no building, just an open frame
	Lunatic Asylum, Infirmary and Dispensary of Montrose	Montrose	Scotland	1895	James Blyth		electricity generation	builder:Mavor and Coulson, Glasgow
		Glasgow	Scotland	1895	Rollason's wind motor		electric, pumping, and other plant
		Hopeman	Scotland	1898	Rollason's wind motor		pumping water
		Ayrshire	Scotland	1898	Rollason's wind motor
	Wellington Farm School	Penicuik	Scotland	1899	Rollason's wind motor		pumping water
		Scotland (south)	Scotland	c1810			pumping
scot58		South Havera, Shetland	Scotland	1860s			flour mill	building:26ft high round stone tower condition:survives as ruins
	Gouffre Hotel	Guernsey	Guernsey	1897	Rollason's wind motor		pumping water
	Castletown Golf Links Hotel	Fort Island	Isle of Man	1896	Rollason's wind motor		pumping water
	Chateau de Dietrich	Reichshoffen, Alsace	France
	Château de Denainvilliers	Dadonville	France				flour mill	condition:extant
		Grand Quevilly	France	1883	Lequesne et Lefebvre		raising water
		Notre-Dame-de-Monts	France	2006		Mairie de Notre-Dame-de-Monts		sails:5 triangular boat like sails, mounted on top of a conventional windmill tower building:an existing, conventional windmill tower architect:Jean Lautrey
		South of France	France	1973			irrigation
		Sackville	Canada	1856	Thomas Robson	Benjamin Mitchell	powering cabinet makers workshops, with lathe, saw and other machines
		Sackville	Canada	1856	Thomas Robson	Mr. Ayres	bark mill
	Ontario Science Centre	Toronto	Canada	1982				note:A replica Chinese horizontal windmill in the exhibition "China - 7000 years of discovery"
		Fremantle	Australia	1831
		Bagdad	Australia	1828	T. Hays		flour mill
		Hobart	Australia	1836		Mr. Mann	flour mill
oz9		Urana	Australia	1885	Dexter		pumping water for irrigation	condition:fire damaged at original location of Coonong station, so moved to Urana and restored 2023
	Gilgandra Rural Museum	Gilgandra	Australia	c1930?	J. P. Van Gelder			model:Plavia sails:3 hemi-barrels
		Port Jackson	Australia	1844
	Finniss Flat	South Australia	Australia	1865			water pumping	builder:Thomas Forsaith
		Adelaide	Australia	1844	Mr Ridley		raising water as first built, but also another one planned as a corn mill
		Hotham	Australia	1875	Frederick A Schinnerling
	goldfields	Victoria	Australia	c1850s			goldfield works
nz61		Sandy Point	New Zealand	1865	John Kelly		water pump for sluicing and draining in the goldfields
	Royal Zoological Society, Ireland	Dublin	Ireland	1854			aerating water for fish tanks
	National Exhibition building, Albert Quay	Cork	Ireland	1852		Rev. Robert Bury		note:An exhibit in the machinery section of the National Exhibition
		Varel	Germany	c1880				inventor:Anton Bohlken
		Frankfurt	Germany	1882			powered a pump, a threshing machine, and a small grinding mill	inventor:Purger sails:8, each 5m x 4m
	Tonmolen	Paasloo, Overijssel	Netherlands	2002	Berend Krol		pumps water	gps:52.80958,6.00173
	Carrouselmolen van Berend Krol	Paasloo, Overijssel	Netherlands	1899	Berend Krol		pumped water	gps:52.81027,5.99894
gr100		Miamou, Crete	Greece	20th century?				sails:9(!) half oil drums, attached to tubular framework, with some fencing as baffles building:stone built, single storey
	Foleros	Andros	Greece				corn mill	condition:non functional, tower restored without sails imd:greece-foleros-horizontal-windmill
	Prophet Elias Hill	Andros	Greece	1906			corn mill	condition:derelict but contains part of iron sails imd:greece-prophet-elias-hill-horizontal-windmill
	Morakei	Andros	Greece				corn mill	condition:tower exists imd:greece-morakei-horizontal-windmill-1
	Morakei	Andros	Greece				corn mill	condition:truncated tower exists imd:greece-morakei-horizontal-windmill-2
	Kochilos	Andros	Greece				corn mill	condition:restored tower imd:https://milldatabase.org/mills/greece-kochilos-horizontal-windmill
	Kominos Minas Dargakis	Tristomos, Carpathos	Greece				corn mill	sails:4 flat boards, each 1.2m building:small building, just big enough to protect the millstone and its hopper condition:ruined remains in 1977
		Pigadia, Carpathos	Greece			Nicholas Spanos	corn mill	sails:4 mostly flat boards, originally wood, later corrugated iron building:separate room containing millstones driven via leather belt condition:extant in 1974
		Pano Chora, Seriphos	Greece	1885			corn mill	sails:draught mill containing 6 sails building:circular tower, with 2 openings, one each north and south, with sails in upper storey, and millstones in lower one condition:ruins viewed by Blom in 1987, but site now built upon
		Kentarchos, Seriphos	Greece	1905
	Börön horizontal threshing mill	Haxäng	Sweden				threshing	note:can also be driven by a horse imd:sweden-boron-horizontal-threshing-mill condition:conserved
		South Africa	South Africa	c1876			pumping water
		St Kitts	Nevis and St Kitts	c1700			crushing sugar cane
		St Kitts	Nevis and St Kitts	1787			crushing sugar cane	builder:Temple Henry Croker note:probably in the parish of St. John, Capisterre
		Salt Cay	Turks and Caicos	1949			pumping brine	sails:6 sails, triangular canvas
		Theodosia	Crimea	1819
		Eupatoria	Crimea	1854			corn mill	building:20ft diameter brickwork, reducing to 17ft, 20ft high sails:6 arms, 20ft diameter, 6ft broad, with vertical shutters
ro100		Plaja Sfântu Gheorghe	Romania	1970's or 80's			electricity generation
		Voronez/Veronis	Russia	1703				sails:7 internal sails building:octogon, containing 4 mills - presumably meaning 4 sets of millstones builder:"a Circassian"
		Taku	China	1904			salt works	note:"from time immemorial"
af1		Hari Rud valley	Afghanistan				corn mill	building:houses 2 horizontal windmills
af2		Herat	Afghanistan				corn mill	building:houses a single horizontal windmill
af3		Afghanistan	Afghanistan				corn mill	building:houses 2 single horizontal windmills
		Lower Freeman's	Antigua	1883			sugar mill
	Millars Estate	St George	Antigua	1885		Sir Oliver Nugent	sugar mill
	Harts and Royale	St John	Antigua	1897	Fletcher		crushing sugar cane
	Ayshford plantation	St Thomas	Barbados	1895			sugar mill
		St. George	Barbados	1900			crushing sugar cane
		New Park Wind Engines	Pennsylvania	c2010	Hercules wind motor		electricity generation	builder:Jay McGinnis condition:working order
	Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad	Paschalville	Pennsylvania	c1880s	Southwick		pumping water
		Rhode Island	Rhode Island	c1770			drove a lathe in a wood turners workshop	sails:4 sails, like a ship's foresail and mainsail
	Elephant	Maryland	Maryland	c1760's	Benjamin Franklin		grinding corn	builder:H Jones sails:4 or 6, placed upright (rather than radial)
	J H Ogle farm	Belleville	Illinois	1895		Ogle		note:destroyed by cyclone May 1896
	Illinois and Michigan Canal	Chicago	Illinois	c1840	John Mills Van Osdel		raising water
	Observatory Hill	Washington DC	Washington DC	1808	Dr. Thomas Bruff
		Boston	Massachusetts	1795	Joseph Pope		small scale - flour mill	note:Patent 49X issued to Pope on 26th Jan 1793 (specification lost in Patent office fire)
us87	Eustis estate	Milton	Massachusetts	1894			electricity generation
us89	Chipmans	Beverly	Massachusetts	1795			bark grinding for a tannery
us88		Charlestown	Massachusetts	1794			driving a carding machine
us86	Mannings Mill	Ipswich	Massachusetts	1794			powered a woollen factory
us92	Field's Folly	Nantucket	Massachusetts	1860s
us93		Provincetown	Massachusetts	1791			flour mill
		Westbrook	Maine	c1890	Hercules wind motor	John Wheeler and Son, lumber merchant	saw mill	building:square 4 storey (below rotor) wooden weatherboarded tower, with attached outbuildings
		Portland	Maine	1818		Rufus Porter	corn mill
		Gladden, Napoli	New York	1890's	George Gladden		powered machinery including elevating and grinding grain, apple grater, cider press, wood turning lathe, and a shop for general repair work	building:4 storey wooden structure on a stone foundation sails:wheel 11 feet high by 19 feet in diameter, with 16 interior vanes three feet 8 inches wide set at an angle to the circumference note:apparently dismantled and stored somewhere in Conewango
		New York	New York	1825		Rev. Dr. Phoebus		sails:8 booms with jib sails
		Manhattan	New York	1824
	King Street	Manhattan	New York	1830			saw mill	sails:32 building:3 storeys high
	Lloyd's mill	Flatbush, Brooklyn	New York					sails:16 building:2 storey round building
		Bridgehampton	New York	1874	John Hubbard	C. H. Topping	power for an agricultural machine workshop
		Huntington, Long Island	New York	1825	Daniel Sammis		saw mill	sails:18 building:rectangular, 2/3 storey barn like building with pitched roof
	Wisconsin State Fair	Janesville	Wisconsin	1866	F. and Daniel Strunk		pumping water
	Summit House	Franklin	New Hampshire	1899			pumping water
		Custer County	Nebraska	1887				sails:encased turbine building:simple 1 storey wooden tower
		Lincoln	Nebraska	1888	Bernard Koeppe			sails:8 L-shaped vanes within an outer case of 16 boards note:US Patent 387424
		Mound House	Nevada	1884	Southwick		pumping water
	Harkleroad wind turbine	Novato	California	c1965	Samuel A Harkleroad		electricity generation for attached workshop	sails:two circles, one of oil drum halves, and the inner one of smaller arcs from the same drums gps:38.1006183, -122.5623152 note:removed 2017
	Fillmore's Taste-In	Disney California Adventure	California	c2013	Disney imagineers		it's Disney, so no purpose beyond being a theme-park decoration	sails:12 colourful half barrels
		Chase Hill Road, Kent	Connecticut	1970s	Sherman Chase		electricity generation
	Sherman Chase windmill	South Kent School	Connecticut	1974	Sherman Chase		electricity generation

Statistics

Total: 141, Exists: 23

#	area
1	Bedfordshire
2	Cornwall
1	Derbyshire
1	Gloucestershire
1	Guernsey
2	Hampshire
1	Herefordshire
1	Isle of Man
6	Kent
2	Leicestershire
1	Lincolnshire
11	London
1	Middlesex
1	Norfolk
8	Scotland
1	Staffordshire
1	Suffolk
9	Sussex
1	Wales
1	Wiltshire
1	Worcestershire
2	Yorkshire
56

#	area
2	California
2	Connecticut
2	Illinois
2	Maine
1	Maryland
7	Massachusetts
2	Nebraska
1	Nevada
1	New Hampshire
7	New York
2	Pennsylvania
1	Rhode Island
1	Washington DC
1	Wisconsin
32

#	area
3	Afghanistan
3	Antigua
10	Australia
2	Barbados
3	Canada
1	China
2	Crimea
5	France
2	Germany
10	Greece
2	Ireland
2	Netherlands
2	Nevis and St Kitts
1	New Zealand
1	Romania
1	Russia
1	South Africa
1	Sweden
1	Turks and Caicos
53

#	designer
1	Benjamin Franklin
2	Berend Krol
1	Bernard Koeppe
1	Daniel Sammis
1	Dexter
1	Disney imagineers
1	Dr. Erasmus Darwin
1	Dr. Thomas Bruff
1	EXYZT
1	Edward Concanan
1	F. and Daniel Strunk
1	Fletcher
1	Frederick A Schinnerling
1	George Gladden
1	Giles Pearson
2	Hercules wind motor
1	J Griffiths
1	J. P. Van Gelder
2	James Blyth
1	John Hubbard
1	John Kelly
1	John Mills Van Osdel
1	Joseph Pope
1	Joseph Thornhill
1	Lequesne et Lefebvre
1	Messrs. Samuel Evans and Co.
1	Mr Long
1	Mr Ridley
1	Quiet Revolution
1	Robert Dawson
12	Rollason's wind motor
1	Samuel A Harkleroad
2	Sherman Chase
2	Southwick
5	Stephen Hooper
1	T. Hays
3	Thomas Mortimer
2	Thomas Robson
1	Thomas Walker
1	William Frankland
63

Last updated 21/04/2026