
To me, the classic windmill image is that of an English windmill. Of these, the post mill is the earliest type.
Nutley
Pitstone
Later designs included the smock mill (made of wood),
Chailey
and the tower mill (made of brick or stone).
Shirley
Thaxted
There are a few unconventional English designs as well...
Chesterton
Wimbledon
To most Americans, a windmill probably means a metal windpump. However originally there were windmills much like the English variety, and a reconstruction of an early American post mill is on show at Colonial Williamsburg.
Colonial Williamsburg
Later America also moved to smock and tower mill types. There is a distinctive Cape Cod smock mill style.
Brewster
Orleans
In the Caribbean we find mills built to crush sugar cane.
Morgan Lewis,
Barbados
There is of course a distinctive Mediterranean windmill style as well
Qala, Malta
Xaghra,Malta
Algarve, Portugal
Bodrum, Turkey
Bodrum, Turkey
Guatiza,
Lanzarote
Consuegra, Spain.
| Last updated 13/02/2026 | Text and images © Mark Berry, 1997-2026 - |