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This page presents information on patents applied for or issued in New Zealand that cover windmills (generally meaning wind engines) and other mill related technologies, including flax mills, and grinding and crushing processes used in gold mining.
Although New Zealand patents from pre 1980 have been digitized and made available online, there are a number of problems with the archive
Some of these patent applications, although made in New Zealand, were made to cover inventions made in other countries, such as Australia or the UK.
Many trials have heretofore been made to substitute mechanical processes for the difficult hand work of dressing millstones. Notwithstanding pretended success however millers are still compelled to employ hand labour for this purpose no machine having as yet really effected the desired object. The great error committed has been that the hand tool or hammer has been retained and the required motion attempted to be imparted to it by mechanical means. I have succeeded completely in discarding altogether this order of ideas and producing work entirely mechanical whilst the processes hitherto known have always retained in a certain measure the employment of manual dexterity so that according to this system an inexperienced workman makes much better and more rapid work than the most expert dresser working in the old manner. It is well known 54 that for several years the employment as a tool of hard stone and especially of the diamond has been adopted in various trades. Different applications have been made of these stones in working stones less hard such as granite and others and it is by a new application of this principle that. I have arrived at the solution of the difficult problem of cutting and dressing millstones. My invention comprises two essential points. Firstly the application of hard stones and especially of the diamond to cutting and dressing the millstones this diamond acting so as to split off or chip the stone ( exactly as the hand hammer does by attacking it with blows succeed ing each other with a great rapidity. The said blows may be produced by either a rotary or rectilinear motion but the tool or diamond carrier which has been found to work best in practice - acts by rotation and in giving to this rotation a certain rapidity a true chipping motion or succession of shocks is produced which attacks the stone and by causing it to chip or fly off in minute fragments produces the desired work. Secondly ( an entirely new machine by the aid of which the diamond is caused to work and which will be understood - from the following description and in order that the same may be distinctly understood. I have annexed hereunto two sheets of drawings illustrative thereof and have marked the same with figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in the following explanation thereof that is to say. Fig 1 on. Sheet 1 of the annexed drawings is an elevation ( shown partly in section of the improved apparatus drawn about one third the actual size and. Fig 2 is a plan view of the same as seen from above 1 t. A represents the millstone to be drefsed and upon which the machine is mounted the red lines ( in the original drawing indicating the radial grooves of the stone. The machine comprises a frame B consisting of a central socket from which radiate the three arms 6 furnished with screws c which serve for levelling the apparatus. This socket is placed on the end of the millstone axle C so as to centre the machine by means0of set screws d when the fixed or bed stone is to be dressed but if the running stone is to be operated upon then the centering is effected by means of a plug of wood which is fixed in the socket and the end of which passes into the eye of the stone. The levelling screws c do not bear directly upon the surface of the millstone but upon small plates e of cast iron which rest upon the latter. On the framing is mounted a support D capable of turning on a fixed bolt and of being secured in any desired position by means of another bolt g which is capable of being moved in the curvedtslot E in the framing to the support D and dovetailed slide. FSs connected by two screws or bolts h and it is upon this slide that the tool carriage G moves the slide F which generally maintains the horizontal position shown in. Fig 1 may however be slightly inclined when it is required to dress the central hollow part of the stone where the corn enters this is effected by slightly elongating one of the holes through which the bolts h pass. The carriage G can move on the slide. Pfrom the centre to the circumference and vice versa and moreover it carries a slide H capable of moving in a direction transverse to that of the principal carriage. This slide H carries below it the tool carrier. I which is mounted upon points or pivots K and may be fixed in any required position by means of the pressure screws j in this tool carrier the axle J of the tool K turns upon the points or ends of the screws i. The tool carrier is also provided with two other pointed screws i upon which the tool is mounted when it is required to work near the centre. The tool K consists of a disc c(hereinafter more particularly described furnished on its circumference with a tooth of diamond or other hard stone either in the rough or cut and caused to rotate rapidly by means of an endless cord or band. I. In the top of the socket B of the framing a small column L is screwed the upper part of which forms a land of footstep in which the pointed end of a shaft. My turns the latter receives its movement from any convenient shafting or motive power by means of a cord or band passing rpund the pulley m its other pulley n gives motion to the cord or band which causes the tool to rotate. The column L carries a bracket or gallows N which may be fixed at the desired height and position by means of a set screw. This bracket is furnished with a fixed stud o on which a lever O freely oscillates the latter carries at one of its extremities the tension pulleys P which guide the cord. I and at the other end a counterpoise which tends constantly to raise the pulleys P consequently the latter preserve the tension of the cord. I during all the movements of the carriage G. A to and fro motion is given by hand to the carriage G by means of the bell crank lever Q which turns on a fixed centre at q the lower arm of this lever being connected to the carriage by a link P. The lateral setting of the slide H and consequently of the tool K is effected by means of a screw r and a ratchet motion S. To counteract the ill effects of deflection which the weight of the carriage might produce upon the slide F a supplementary foot T is fixed to that side of the latter opposite the carriage this foot being curved so as to allow of the free passage of the carriage from end to end of the slide the foot T is provided with a screw c and a plate e. The operation of the machine is as follows. The apparatus being placed upon the stone is levelled by means of the screws c and c regulating the height in such a manner that the diamond tooth of the tool will be at about the height desired. The adjustment of the height of the latter is completed by the screws j. The machine is centered by means of the set screws which press against the millstone axle or the wooden plug which is placed 4n the socket B. The machine is so placed that the slide. Pis parallel with the groove to be dressed the shaft. Mis then put in motion giving movement to the cord. I and consequently to the tool then by the aid of the leyer Q movement is given to the carriage G which thus moves along the slide F. During this move 55 ment the diamond tooth of the tool K which turns with great rapidity attacks the surface of the millstone and forms a radiating furrow therein the carriage is then drawn back by the ratchet movement S the slide. If is moved laterally carrying the tool with it and a second furrow com menced. This operation is repeated across the groove of the stone to the end of the traverse of the slide H after which for the following grooves of the same division or group the machine is slightly turned and the parallelism of the slide with the groove is effected by turning the support D round its bolt which is then fixed in position by means of the bolt g the carriage is then set in motion again. The position of the machine must be changed for each division or group of the furrows. As there are some millstones furrowed to the right and some to the left the machine is so arranged that the slide F may be fixed on either side of the lug of the support D to which the bolts h attach it. The position of the carriage and its movement may thus be reversed for left hand grooves. It will be observed that the pivotting of the support. I round its bolt is not theoretically indispensable but if this facility were not afforded a much longer movement of the slide H would be required to reach the three furrows of the division and consequently tliera would be a greater danger of its getting out of truth. It may also be stated that the particular arrangement of the apparatus which is showTn in the drawing is that which. I consider the most practical but this arrangement may be varied without departing from the principles of the invention. The diamond also instead of acting by rotation might operate on the millstone by means of a rectilinear or a vibrating motion. The diamond or other hard stone may be mounted in a great variety of ways. The arrangement represented at. Figs 3 and 4 sheet 1 is that which. I consider best to unite the conditions of simplicity and solidity it consists of two discs or washers capable of being screwed together on an axle between the shoulder t on the latter and the screw nut u. In the interior faces of these discs and near to their circumference are found small recesses v of different sizes ( see. Fig 4. These recesses are opposite to each other in the two discs and when the latter are brought together form hollow cells having a small opening at the circumference of the disc. Apiece of diamond or hard stone is fitted into one of these cells so that a point or angle projects through the hole in the circumference and the two discs are then screwed together by means of the nut so as to hold the diamond perfectly firm and the tool is completed. A modification of the tool carriage is shown drawn full size on sheet 2 of the drawings. Fig 1 on this sheet is a longitudinal section of the carriage taken through the line 1 2 on the plan. Fig 2 is a corresponding plan view as seen from above. Fig 3 is an elevation of the side on which the ratchet motion is situated G is the carriage which moves on the slide F ( described above with reference to sheet 1 it is connected to the slide H by the intermediate piece. A the lower part of which is inclined at a suitable angle as seen in. Fig 1. The carriage is fixed to the piece. A by bolts g which pass through the groove a and allow the latter to be advanced or drawn back more or less with regard to the former. Under the piece. A is fixed the brass nut r in which the square threaded screw r works and is turned by means of the ratchet motion composed of the wheel S and the click s fixed on the moveable lever which terminates in the handle m. The range of the lever and consequently rotary movement of the screw r is regulated by means of the screw v and the stop b which is fixed at a suitable distance in the slide e of the sector E. From this arrangement it results that by turning the screw r in one direction or the other the tool K is moved transversely following the inclination of the intermediate piece. A and thus following the inclined plane presented by the surface of each groove or ray of the millstone to be dressed. The tool K is constructed as previously described and is mounted on the axle j the points of which turn in the screws i and h or in the screws i and h when working very near the centre or eye of the stone. The screws it h h are fixed to the frame c which oscillates on the screws c as pivots so that the working level of the tool can be regulated exactly by the vertical screws d. The axle J is driven by the endless band as above described with reference to sheet 1 and below the screws i and h are small plates n intended to receive any oil which might fall when the points of the axle j are being greased. Claim - 1. Cutting and dressing millstones by means of hard stones ( particularly the diamond acting in the manner hereinbefore described 2. The construction of the apparatus for working and moving the tool for such purpose as shown in the drawings and above described or any mere imitation or modification thereof operating in substantially the same or a similar manner so as to produce the same results ( Drawings ).
The apparatus consists of horizontal arms Ay attached to a vertical shaft JB the shaft working free on a pivot and having top fixing and intermediate stays to maintain its position. The horizontal arms are attached to the vertical shaft as shown in the drawings. Nos 1 and 2 and are stayed as required 0 2. To each horizontal arm is hinged a pair of sails or wings C of wood or metal one sail being hinged to the upper side and one sail to the under side of the framing as delineatedln the drawings. The extent to which the sails can open under the influence of the wind is limited by iron framework D and the limit of closing when at work and returning to the wind is controlled by a spring E the object of the spring being to keep open sufficiently the lips of the sails on coming round to the wind that the slightest breeze will open them. The sails are hinged with care to insure smoothness and freedom of action whereby they are rendered very susceptible to the influence of the wind in opening and closing - - 3. To the upper and lower sails of a machine constructed with a single pair of sails to each arm as represented in drawing. No 1 an arrangement is fixed for causing them to be self balancing when at work consisting of iron brackets H attached to their external surfaces bent to the required angle and having a cord. I fixed to the extremity of the upper bracket thence passing over a pulley K and connected with the extremity of the lower bracket. The pulley K is carried at the extremity of a rod iV turned up at the end at the angle required. By this method when either of the sails is raised or depressed a reciprocal action takes place in the other sail and they are thereby rendered self balancing 4. In the case of a machine having tiers of two or more pairs of sails to each arm as repre sented in drawing. No 2 connecting rods L are fixed by which all the pairs of sails on the arm are raised and depressed simultaneously and are rendered self balancing - 5. Method. No 1 for. Regulating and. Closing the. Sails. When the machine is not at work the sails are closed so as to be out of the influence of the wind as shown in section. No 3 by means of weights 0 to which are attached cords passing over pulleys and connected with iron rods P running lengthwise of the sails having at suitable points cords Q passing through guides and attached to the outer edges of the sails in such a manner that when the weights are released and descend they overcome the resistance of the springs E and cause the sails to close within the limits of the framework of the arms. The weights are drawn up by cords and secured in their places by ratchets when the machine is put in motion and when other cords are pulled to relieve the ratchets the weights descend the cords attached to the sails tare drawn in the sails close and the machine is stopped. Attached to each sail is a spring P of india rubber or steel to act as a check on the sail when thrown open by=the wind thereby preventing it from coming too forcibly in contact with the iron framework. The spring is fixed to the edge of the sail and connected with a cord running through guides and fastened to a ratchet wheel by means of which the cords can be lengthened or shortened at pleasu re so as to diminish or increase the tension of the spring 6. Method. No 2 for. Regulating and. Closing the. Sails. This method is shown in drawing. No 2 in the plan elevation and section marked. No 4. No 5 and. No 6 and consists of a small roller $ over which a cord is wound and attached at one end to an india rubber or other spring T and the other end is fixed to the extremity of the iron rod P which passes along the whole length of the framework and to which are fastened at suitable points cords connected with the springs P which are fitted to the outer edges of the sails as described in clause 5. On the end of the shaft which carries the roller S is a toothed wheel IT. A square head is left on the end of the shaft to which a key is fitted for winding up the cord on the pulley or roller. WThen the cord is wound up to the required degree of tension it is kept in position by an arm V which has teeth fitting in the tooth wheel. This arm is fixed at one end to the framework and to the other end is attached a spring X which keeps it down on the toothed wheel. The arm Vh thrown in and out of gear by the lever W. When the cord which is attached to the spring is wound up on the 151 roller the other cord which is connected with the iron rod P and thence to the sails is released and the sails open to the action of the wind. When it is required to close the sails the lever arm is moved from a to b which throws the toothed arm out of gear whereupon the spring is set at liberty it draws in its cord and winds up the other cord which is connected with the sails and they are closed. The lever arm is then returned to a the toothed arm closes on the toothed wheel the cord which is connected with the iron rod P being drawn tight cannot allow any play to the sails which are now securely shut within the framework of the arms. Claim1. The method of fixing the sails 2. The method of rendering the sails self balancing and controlling the opening and closing of them 3. The method of throwing the sails in and out of gear adjusting and reefing them as described in the. Drawings. No 1 and. No 2 and in this specification ( Drawings.
Lyttelton Times, Volume XXXIV, Issue 3078, 22 November 1870
IN Pursuance of the Patents Act 1860 I Thomas Lord of Waltham near Christchurch in the province of Canterbury in New Zealand hereby give notice that I have applied for a Grant of Letters Patent for the sole use benefit and advantage in New Zealand of certain Improvements in the Construction of Horizontal Windmills.
Any person who may wish to prefer any objection to the granting of such Letters Patent is required within four calendar months after the publication of this advertisement to send to the office or address of John Boyle Bennett Esq. at Wellington a statement in writing setting forth the grounds of such objection subscribed with his proper name and address.
(Signed) THOMAS LORD. Waltham, near Christchurch, September, 1870.
Star, Issue 1126, 26 September 1871
I wish to lay before the Council another scheme of drainage. Of its practicability I am satisfied, and I am likewise satisfied that it would prove equal to the requirements of the city, even if the present population should be doubled, but it will remain a question for the Council and ratepayers to decide as to the expense. My proposal is that a covered drain or main sewer shall be carried from the centre of the city to the sandhills, within a short distance of Hargood's drain, to the reserve made for the deposit of night-soil, which reserve embraces, I believe, seven acres of sandhills, and upon which the works necessary for insuring a complete and successful system of drainage might be erected. That with such a short drain, a fall of from twelve to fifteen feet per mile, might safely be calculated upon, and the fall even increased if under the advice of a competent engineer it seemed necessary. That a reservoir sufilciently large to hold the quantity of sewage likely to be discharged by the Christchurch main sewer in forty-eight hours be constructed, such reservoir to be built with concrete blocks. That to such reservoir, not only the liquid sewage, but likewise the night-soil or solid sewage be conveyed by the Christchurch main sewer; That the liquid sewage be raised by centrifugal pumps worked by windmills, on the principle laid down by Mr Lord, of Waltham, in his patent of a recent date. That an endless belt, to which iron or zinc cups are attached, be employed for raising the solid sewage, in the same way as the mud was raised from the bed of the River Thames during the formation of the Thames embankment. That a 12 or 16-horse power engine be provided to raise the sewage when there is not enough wind to work the windmills. That a wooden trough, 500 yards in length, be employed to convey the liquid sewage clear of the works, where it shall be discharged upon the sand, and whence it will speedily disappear. That the solid sewage shall be sold at the price it at present realises, viz., one shilling per load, until a better price can be obtained.
This invention relates to improvements upon the windmill which is known as the Dexter Mill. This present improvement relates to the construction of and arrangement for operating the shuttles by which the wind force is admitted regulated and cut off entirely when desired from the wind wheel. Fig 1 is a horizontal section of the mill. Fig 2 is a plan looking down upon the ceiling above the wheel. Figs 3 and 4 are enlarged details of parts of my mill. Fig 5 is a side elevation of the mill. Let. A represent the horizontal wind wheel which is mounted inside of a suit able frame or housing as represented. This wheel is surrounded by a series of overlapping shutters 5 which are mounted on suitable bearings and are so connected together that they can be simultaneously and correspondingly opened and closed for the purpose of regulating the speed of the wheel by gauging the quantity of wind admitted to it. The shutters if properly constructed and applied will serve to regulate the speed of the wheel without any other governor i there fore in constructing the shutters secure longitudinally along the middle line and upon each side of each shutter a rib or batten c which will prevent it from warp ing and to each end of the shutter. I secure a metal shoe or binding d which will also aid in keeping it from getting out of shape and therefore preserve its easy movement in its bearings. The bearings of the shutters. I construct of metal by securing a metal button e to the frame above and below the middle line of each shutter. These buttons have each a central pin which enters a socket in the shoe d as shown. It will thus be seen that it will be impossible for the shutters to bind and become stiff in their bearings by warping as they are bound and braced in all directions. The inner or overlapped edge g of each shutter. I make angular as shown so that when the shutters are closed the angular edge will fit closely against the inner outside edge of the next shutter and thus make a tight joint. This angular edge g will also project inside of the plane of the shutter and thus form a wing which will receive the force of the wind as it passes between the shutters. Therefore when the wind increases in force its action upon this wing will tend to close the shutters in proportion to the wind pressure. A counter balancing weight could be employed to haul the shutters open again as the force of the wind diminishes but this. I have not shown as it can be variously applied. To attach the end of the rods h mhioh connect the shutters together to the arm i of one of the shutters. I employ a nut j into which one end of the rods are screwed so that the lengths of the rods can be adjusted readily after they have been secured in place thus saving a considerable time in adjusting the shutters. To provide for the simul taneous adjustment of the shutters. I extend the upper gudgeon of two opposite shutters through the ceiling of the frame or housing so as to provide a projecting end K above the ceiling to which a crank arm. I is secured. A lever 31 extends across above the wind wheel. A and is pivoted at its middle so as to provide two arms. One end or arm of this lever is connected with each of the crank arms. Ihj a connecting rod o so that by moving the lever M about its centre or pivot the shutters are simultaneously opened and closed. A cord p is attached to each end of the lever M and extends clown outside of the frame to within easy reach of the person standing on the platform of the mill. By drawing upon these cords the lever is shifteH and the shutters operated. As the cranks. I of the opposite gudgeons are connected with the lever M on opposite sides of its pivot or centre and the operating cords are applied in a similar manner the shutter can be turned with precision and held at any desired position 25. I thus greatly improve the. Dexter mill by obviating the faults which it has heretofore possessed -. Claim - 1. The shutters 6 having the metal binding or shoe cl secured to each end substantially as and for the purpose described 2. The overlapping shutters 5 having their inner or overlapping edges g bent or otherwise constructed at an angle to the shutter substantially as and for the purpose described 3. The nut and connecting rods kyin combination with the shutters b and arms substantially as and for the purpose above described 4. The centrally pivoted lever M having its ends connected by rods o with the crank arms. I which are secured to the upper end of the projecting gudgeons K in combination with the cords p substantially as and for the purpose described (Drawings).
This invention has been designed for the purpose of producing a simple and durable wind mill which shall at the same time be cheap and self regulating so as to adjust itself with the greatest nicety to trie varying force of the wind. Our mill consists essentially of a wind wheel carried on a spindle supported by an upright standard and balanced by a counter balance weight. Erom the hub of the wind wheel proceed hollow radial arms each of which carries a sail. Each sail has a hollow stem or core which fits on said arm so as to admit of its swivelling thereon. Near the end of each arm is a short pin projecting therefrom at right - angles and carrying a friction roller which travels in a spiral slot cut in a hollow cylindrical chamber constructed at the top of the hollow core. These sails we prefer to make of iron and at the heel of each we rigidly attach a casting from which projects a bell crank connected at its other end to a rod reaching to a disc which holds in check a spiral spring coiled around the spindle of the wind wheel. Each sail is connected in the manner described to the said disc so that it is common to all and thus enables them all to work simultaneously. Provision is also made for stopping the mill by hand when required. This will be described hereafter. Referring now to the drawings hereto attached on which the nature of the several figures is distinctly marked. A. A are the sails and A1 the cylindrical chambers in which the spiral slots are cut as shown. A is the spindle of the wind wheel G G are the hollow arms carrying the pins. Bl9 which work in the spiral slots 0 O are the castings at the heel of the sails and D D are the bell cranks projecting therefrom. ItlJEare the rods connecting such bell cranks with the disc F B is the spiral spring coiled around the spindle of the wind wheel H is the counterbalance weight and. I the supporting standard K is an excentric cam and. I the pump rod. The pins B1 are mounted with friction rollers which travel in the slots. The way in which this mill works is as follows. So long as the wind is moderate the sails feather but slightly when it becomes a strong breeze they feather about halfway and when it becomes a gale they feather to their utmost extent thus allowing the wind to blow through them in a greater or less measure according to its strength. The explanation is this. In proportion to the increase of the strength of the wind so is the speed of the revolution of the wind wheel thereby increasing the tendency of the sails to fly outwardsv. The pins Bl prevent the sails from feathering in any but the one direction whilst the spiral slots in combination with such pins compel the sails when they do feather to move spirally away from the hub of the wind wheel. This motion is resisted by the spring B through the 38 medium of rods B bell cranks D and castings C and the strength of this spring determines the angle to which the sail will feather. Referring now to the provisions made for stopping the mill by hand it will be seen from the foregoing description that the feathering of the sails depends upon the compression of the spiral spring B. Now in order to effect this by hand we pass a light spindle through the centre of said spring and fasten it to the disc F. This light spindle we conduct through the hollow spindle of the wind wheel as shown in dotted lines in that side elevation of mill which is shown as sails fnil feathered. Through this bottom spindle we make a slot for the passage of a cotter passing through the end of the inner solid spindle. Against this cotter is a collar M9 operated by forked clutch N9 the stem of which forms a bell crank. When the other extremity of this bell crank ( which is forked is forced down it is evident that the light solid spindle will move backwards thereby compressing spring B and so feathering the sails. Now this motion is given by means of a collar on the end of a hollow stem P which when pulled down by means of rod Q and lever S presses upon the said forked extremity of said bell crank and so effects its object. Claim. We wish it to be distinctly understood that we do not claim broadly the use of a spring or springs for making wind mills self regulating as we are aware that this is not new but what we believe to be novel and therefore claim as our invention is the employment of the centrifugal tendency of the sails for feathering them by means of the spiral slot and the pins working in them and the preservation of the sails in their proper working position by means of the spiral spring B around the spindle of the wind wheel substantially as herein described and explained and as illustrated in our drawings ( Drawings ).
Schedule
Windmill for chaff cutting and other agricultural uses
The especial novelty consists in the sails being hung centrally on the arm at the extremity and excentrically on the inner end. Also of the way in which the sails are connected with the regulating rod without the use of levers and cranks but by the use of a bent arm connected with a projecting stud fixed on the sail so as to allow the sails to be worked with the back to the wind. I also claim as a novelty sails of the shape shewn on the drawing and made of sheet iron working longitudinally on their axis by a weight as described in the specification with the back to the wind and adapted to chaff cutting and other work besides pumping.
The mill being built wholly of iron the arms (as shewn on plan herewith) "A" on which the sails B turn, to be made of wrought iron pipe and fixed so that with the pressure of the wind they will turn on their own longitudinal axis and present their face more or less to the wind according to the power required or the force of the wind and to work with the back of the sails to the wind so as to require no apparatus to keep them to the wind. The sails to be regulated or stopped by a weight hung to a bell crank (E) which works a rod (F) passing through the centre of the shaft (G) which is carries the sails upon the end of which rod is fixed a cross (C) which is connected with the sails by links (H) so that when the rod is moved out to the front it will bring the edge of the sails to wind as when drawn in it will bring the sails into the best position to work as shown on the said plan hereunto annexed.
Schedule
In the drawings attached Fig 1 is a plan of the arms and sails of a wind mill according to my invention. The sails being placed at a tangent to the plane of rotation by which means a greater power is developed and a larger surface exposed to wind pressure. The sail C is fastened to the top of one of the arms A and to a part of the next arm at a position near the centre as B the sails may consist consist of any number and may be of any shape as shewn by drawing D and E. And the special novelty for which I claim letters patent is the sails being set at a tangent to a circle in the plane of rotation.
An invention for improvements in gearing for driving pumps by windmill or other power
The essential character of the invention consists in the design and construction of a windmill in which there is no rigid supporting framework and the revolving motions are made on pivoted centre bearings whereby expense of construction and friction in working are reduced to a minimum and a maximum of power utilised from the wind for useful operations.
The invention is composed of a vertical mast of any suitable material made either solid or built in parts of any height and form of cross-section as may be required to suit locality and circumstances.
The lower end of this mast is fitted with a socket to fit and revolve on a pivot fixed in the foundation beam underneath.
The top end is also fitted with a pivot and socket from which supporting rope guys or stays radiate to their respective fastenings on the ground. The mast is thus sustained in the vertical position and free to turn on its pivot around the vertical axis.
The horizontal axle with its motive wheel and other gear is carried by bearings placed on back and front of the mast at the required height, the back end of this axle is conical and revolves in a socket bearing which takes the trust caused by the wind pressure on the motive wheel, and thus relieves the front bearing from all end pressure.
The motive wheel may be of an ordinary construction and secured to the front end of the axle in the usual way.
The vane for directing the motive wheel to the wind may be of any form of construction, and rigidly fastened to the mast or hinge thereto as may be desired.
The invention can be applied as a windmotor for all the purposes for which wind power is suitable.
The accompanying drawing shows the invention as applied to the raising of water direct from a well by means of an endless belt carrying suitable buckets which belt is made to travel within the vertical mast, made hollow for the purpose, over two pulleys, one of which is keyed on the axle of the motor wheel and drives the belt, the other with it axle and bearings are placed at the bottom of the mast.
The belt is compelled to travel around these pulleys, ascending on one side with full buckets, discharging at the top into a spout, and descending on the other side to the well.
Referring to the drawing Figure I is a side elevation and Figure II a front elevation.
The same reference letters are used in both Figures to denote corresponding parts.
AA is the hollow mast of rectangular section, BB the foundation beam set in the bottom of the well CC the pivot and socket for lower end of mast, and DD those for the top end, EE show the direction of the supporting rope guys or stays. FF is the motive wheel, with its axle GG and belt pulley H shown dotted. I is the socket bearing at back end of axle.
Openings are made at the lower end of mast for the free admission of water to the buckets, provision is also made for conveniently taking up the slack of the belt as shown at JJ. KK are the buckets and LL shows a hose pipe for conducting the water where required.Claims
The construction of a windmill having a vertical mast pivoted or hinged at top and bottom and free to revolve around the vertical axis and supported in the vertical position by rope guys, or other such likes stays, and made to carry and sustain the wind motive wheel axle and other gears as set forth and described.
An invention for improvements in windmills
This invention consists in providing a tubular guide and guide pulleys so that the rope which pulls the windmill out of gear may be more readily handled and ented from getting entangled.
An invention for improvements in windmills
An invention for improved gearing for windmills
An invention for an improved windmill
An invention for an improved windmill or wind motor
An improved windmill
Claims ( 1 ). The described process of reducing wheat to flour consisting in reducing the grain without breaking by external friction scalping or decorticating at the first operation thereby removing the episperm or outermost skin by means of either millstones suitable rolls or discs caused to rotate within a suitable casing in either case a suitable valve is introduced into the discharge outlet and held in position by a suitable weight or spring attachment to regulate the pressure so as to retain the material within the casing until it is reduced to the required degree when the material falls into a spout connected with an aspirating fan ( or other equivalent by means of which the pollard or 11 fluff previously rubbed oUs drawn away and deposited in a convenient receptacle the grain is then subjected to similar treatment but without the aid of an aspirator when it is reduced to the form of middlings or semolina which is then elevated to a purifier ( by means of which any remaining impurities are removed thence conducted to the final reduction device consisting of stones or smooth rollers substantially as set forth ( 2 ). In apparatus for reducing wheat to flour in combination a mill such as G provided with suitable discs the discharge outlet being fitted with a suitable valve suoh as c held in position by a lever and weight attachment ( or other equivalent to regulate the pressure and to retain the material within the mill until it is reduced to the required degree a pair of millstones such as A and D with casing E the upper or running stone being provided with a hub B having arms a secured within the eye of the stone the inside of said hub being bored out so as to fit rigidly upon a vertical tapered spindle C passing through the lower or fixed stone a suitable discharge outlet F being fitted to the casing E which is provided with a suitable valve 6 substantially as described and illustrated in the drawings ( 3 ). In apparatus for reducing wheat to flour the application and use of a hub such as B having arms a secured to the running stone so as to enable said stone to run rigidly upon the tapered spindle C passing through lower stone substantially as described and illustrated in the drawings ( 4 ). In apparatus for reducing wheat to flour the application and use of a valve such as c to the discharge outlet of the mill such as G ( or of a valve such as b to the discharge outlet of the casing of millstones if used in lieu of mill substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in the drawings.
Claims 1 ). A lever arm pivoted to a frame attached to the standards of a windmill the outer end of such lever having an enclosed vessel attached thereto while the inner end is connected to appliances whereby the sails of the windmill may be turned to a position of rest in combination with means whereby the enclosed vessel may be filled with water and emptied of the same as and for the purposes set forth ( 2 ). A rectangular frame attached to the standards of a windmill a lever pivoted to such frame one end of which has attached to it a rope or the like connected to appliances whereby the sails of the windmill may be turned to the angle of rest while the other end is connected to the inner end of a lever pivoted to the frame and adapted to be operated by the filling and emptying of an enclosed vessel attached to the outer end thereof as and for the purposes set forth ( 3 ). In appliances for automatically stopping and restarting the revolution of windmills a pivoted lever arm one end of which is connected with means whereby the sails of the windmill may be turned to the angle of rest and the other end of which is provided with an enclosed vessel such vessel being in flexible communication with a water tank and so disposed that when the tank is filled the vessel shall also be filled and when the tank becomes partially emptied the vessel shall be emptied the filling and emptying of such vessel causing the lever to fall and rise as set forth ( 4 ). The general arrangement construction and combination of parts in my improved means for automatically stopping and restarting the revolution of windmills as described and explained as illustrated in the sheet of drawings and for the several purposes set forth
Claim. The device of having an annular ring or rings controlled by springs at face or back of the mill such ring being connected on one side of the slats of a windmill and the other side of the slats connected hingelike to the frame of the mill. The opening out of the slats is effected by the pressure of the wind on the face of the mill and closed by the springs when the pressure of the wind is removed as substantially set forth
Claims ( 1 ). In mechanism of the class described means for holding the connecting rod pin which consists of forming a boss or bosses upon the face or faces respectively of the forked end of the connecting rod and a rib through which a split pin passes to pierce said connecting rod pin as described and illustrated ( 2 ). In mechanism of the class described the specially constructed bearing for the connecting rod pin consisting of a casting as F that is adapted to nearly envelop said pin and whioh is provided with a flat upon its rear part and a set screw as as described and illustrated and for the purposes set forth ( 3 ). In mechanism of the class described mounting the vane of a windmill at a point not in the same straight line as the axis of the mill wheel spindle as shown and inclining the vane rod slightly outwards so as to make with such axis a slightly acute angle as described and for the purposes set forth
Claims ( 1 ). A lever pivoted to the frame of a windmill one end of which is provided with an enclosed vessel and is connected to means for turning the sails of the windmill to an angle of rest and the other end of which is provided with a counterweight in combination with means whereby such enclosed vessel may be filled with water from the overflow of a storage tank supplied by the operation of the windmill and be emptied of the same when the overflow ceases as and for the purposes set forth ( 2 ). A lever pivoted to the frame of a windmill one end of which is provided with an enclosed vessel and is connected to means for turning the sails of the windmill to an angle of rest and the other end of which is provided with a counterweight in combination with a water storage tank supplied by the operation of the windmill an overflow pipe leading from the top thereof a T piece on the bottom end of the overflow pipe one arm of which is in flexible connection with the enclosed vessel upon the lever while the other arm is provided with a shut off valve and means whereby such valve may be closed and opened by the rise and fall of the level of the water in the storage tank as and for the purposes set forth ( 3 ). The means for automatically stopping and restarting windmills an overflow pipe leading from the water storage tank and the bottom end of which is provided with two branches one of the branches being in flexible communication with an enclosed vessel upon one end of a counter weighted lever pivoted to the windmill frame while the other end is provided with a shut off valve such valve being adapted to open and close by the falling and rising of a weighted arm to which it is connected in combination with a hinged float within the storage tank capable of rising and falling with the level of the water therein and a rope or other like connection joining the float and the valve arm as specified ( 4 ). The general arrangement construction and combination of parts in my improvements in means for automatically stopping and restarting windmills as described and explained as illustrated in the sheet of drawings and for the several purposes set forth.
Claims ( 1 ). In an improved motion changing gear for windmills a cross shaft above a hole in the frame said cross shaft having a sleeve on the middle thereof in combination with one end of a guide rod each side of the said sleeve one end of a connecting rod outside each guide rod the other end of said guide rod being pivoted to a cross pin secured to an extension of the frame all as and for the purposes described and as illustrated in the drawings ( 2 ). In an improved motion changing gear for windmills two connecting rods the lower ends of which are pivoted to crank pins the inner ends of said crank pins working loosely within crank pin holes in a crank arm and toothed wheel respectively in combination with a countershaft said countershaft having an intermediate portion rotating in a bearing all as and for the purposes described and as illustrated in the drawings ( 3 ). In an improved motion changing gear for windmills a cross shaft having the top end of connecting rods locked at each of its ends guide rods pivoted to said cross shaft inside said connecting rods a sleeve between said guide rods which sleeve has at the top thereof a lubricator box and at the bottom thereof a pump rod said pump rod passing through a hole in the frame the lower end of said connecting rods being pivoted to crank pins all as and for the purposes described and as illustrated in the drawings ( 4 ). In an improved motion changing gear for windmills a countershaft having an intermediate portion rotating in a bearing integral with or detachable from a frame having a vertical passageway or hole therethrough over banging portions at each end of the said shaft in combination with a toothed wheel on one end of said countershaft having therein two or more crank pin holes radially ar ranged and on the other end a crank arm having two or more holes therein said holes being in alignment with those described and as illustrated in the drawings ( 5 ). An improved motion changing gear for windmills consisting of a wind wheel sleeve having a toothed pinion thereon driving a toothed wheel secured to an overhanging shaft said wheel having therein two or more radially arranged crank pin holes the intermediate portion of the said overhanging shaft rotating within a bearing on the wind wheel frame in combination with - a crank arm secured to an extended overhanging portion of the aforesaid shaft and having therein radially arranged crank pin holes in a similar plane - to those aforesaid the lower ends of connecting rods attached to the outer ends of crank pins the inner ends of which crank pins are within the toothed wheel and crank arm respectively the upper end of said connecting rods being secured to the outer ends of a cross shaft guide rods pivoted to said cross shaft and to an extension of the frame a sleeve pivoted to said cross shaft between the said guide rods to the bottom of which is attached the upper portion of the pump rod and to the top of said sleeve a lubricator box all as and for the purposes described and as illustrated in the drawings.
[NOTE The title in this case has been altered. See list of provisional specifications. Gazette No 43 of the 28th May 1903].
Claims ( 1 ). In apparatus for the purpose indicated an oil reservoir a cock in the bottom of the reservoir a recep. Itacle below the cock an air tube upon the receptacle a cock in the bottom of said receptacle a second receptacle and. Jtubes depending from the bottom of the second receptacle to conduct oil to different parts of the machinery substantially ias set forth ( 2 ). In apparatus for the purpose indicated an oil reservoir a receptacle an air tube upon the receptacle a second receptacle cocks connecting together and bringing the said reservoir and receptacles into communication with each other a cap upon the said receptacle partitions in the said receptacle tubes depending from the cap to conduct oil into the chambers formed in the receptacle by the partitions and tubes depending from the bottom of the second recep tacle substantially as set forth ( 3 ). In apparatus for the purpose indicated an oil reservoir a receptacle an air tube upon the receptacle a second receptacle cocks connecting together and bringing the said reservoir and receptacles into communication with each other tubes depending from the bottom of the second receptacle to conduct oil to different parts of the machinery and means for operating the said cocks substantially as set forth ( 4 ). In apparatus for the purpose [indicated an oil reservoir a receptacle ah air tube upon the receptacle a second receptacle cocks connecting together and bringing the said reservoir and receptacles into communication with each other tubes depending from the ibottom of the second receptacle to conduct oil to different parts of the machinery levers upon the plugs of the cocks a rod connecting the ends of the levers a spring in tension attached at one end to the said rod and having its other end secured to any convenient part of the windmill and a pull cord attached to the levers substantially as sefc forth l(5 ). The combination and arrangement of parts comprising the improved apparatus for the purpose indicated substantially as and for the purposes set forth and illustrated on the drawing.
Claims ( 1 ). An improved wind and water motor com prising in combination two or any number of horizontal arms mounted in bearings in a frame rigidly attached to a hollow vertical shaft with two sets of sails or vanes on each arm balanced against each other attached to the arm in such a position relative to one another that the plane of the one set of sails or vanes differs from the plane of the other set of sails or vanes on the same arm by 90 each set of sails or vanes made up of segments pivoted in frames rigidly attached to the horizontal arms the segments in each set overlapping each other and kept closed by a chain attached to a spring fixed on the arm with springs to prevent the arms carrying the sails or vanes turning on their own axis more than 90 approximately substantially as as described ( 2 ). The combination of sails or vanes made up ap of segments pivoted in frames rigidly attached to the honzorizontal arms the segments in each set overlapping each othether and kept closed by a chain attached to a spring fixed or on the arm with springs to prevent the arms ( carrying t the sails or vanes turning on their own axis more than 9i 90 approximately substantially as described.
Claims ( 1 ). For the purpose indicated the general arrangement construction and combination of parts substantially as described and as set forth ( 2 ). For the purpose explained stays attached to the outer end of the vane rod of a windmill and to a swivel piece upon the crank bracket as specified.
Extract from Specification. According hereto the wind mill is mounted upon a horizontal shaft which has an adjust able thrust screw fitting into its end opposite to the wheel and which is mounted in bearings provided with oil wells. Chains or rings carried in recesses upon tbe shaft depend into the oil vessels and as the shaft revolves deliver oil to the bearings. A bevel pinion upon this spindle gears with a bevel wheel fixed upon the end of a vertical shaft which is connected by gearing to a horizontal shaft carrying a crank disc the crank pin of which is connected to a rod actuating the pump plunger. The bearings of the wheel shaft are fixed upon a table which is revolvable upon ball bearings and a column fixed to and revolving the table has at its lower end guide rods upon which work a flange integral with a sleeve sliding upon the vertical spindle referred to said sleeve being operated vertically by a fork. To this sleeve is connected a rope preferably of wire which passes over pulleys and is fastened to the tail of the mill so that the wheel may be drawn out of the wind when desired. A curved guide rod passing through a hole in the table has a spring threaded upon it at each end to provide a buffer when the tail is blown round by a keen gust of wind.
[NOTE. The above extract from the specification is inserted in place of the claims]
Extract from Specification -. The essential of the invention is a frame between whose vertical sides the wheel of the wind mill revolves said frame being pivoted at the top and bottom as described
Claim. Means for actuating windmills consisting of a rectangular frame secured upon a shaft extending centrally across the frame and sheets of metal secured one on each side of the frame and extending across it at reverse diagonal angles to each other such sheets also extending outwards from the frame in a plane at right angles to its surface substantially as specified 1
Extract from. Specification -. In carrying out the invention the mill body is made preferably in the form of a circular open framing and constructed in two parts. The lower part is affixed to the top of the tower whilst the upper part is mounted and is free to rotate on ball or other anti frictional bearings arranged between the adjacent facings of - the two parts of the said framing -. The wind wheel is supported on a shaft which is suitably affixed to the mill body and out of the centre thereof j. Formed integral with or affixed to the inside of the hub of the wind wheel is a pinion which is adapted to gear with a wheel fitted to a crank shaft positioned in align ment with that of the windmill and supported on outwardly projecting brackets on the top part of the mill body. The crank on the latter shaft operates in a slot in the outer end of a rocking arm which is pivoted about its centre in bearings on the mill body parallel with the crank shaft bearings. The inner end of the rocking arm extends directly over the open centre of the mill body and upon it is located a slidable pump rod connection fitted with oppositely arranged pawls and a lifter for operating the sams. These pawls engage with ratchet teeth formed in the top of the rocking arm and are for the purpose of retaining the slidihg connection at any point thereon. The pawl lifter is connected to the slotted end of the rocking arm by means of a strong spiral spring which is arranged to act in opposition to a swinging lever mounted on the mill body. This swinging lever is also connected to the pawl lifter and is actuated by an adjustable wind sail which is retained parallel with the wind wheel. The slidable pump rod connection moves either inwardly or outwardly as the power of the spiral spring or the wind sail on the swinging lever predominates. Consequently the length of stroke of the pump rod is varied according to the change in the velocity of the wind. The wind wheel. I. Have devised and prefer to use for operating my mill is constructed essentially of an outer ring or frame to the inner periphery of which the enlarged ends of the vanes are secured at even distances apart. The inner ends of the vanes are attached by means of a screw and nut connection to an inner ring secured concentric with and near the hub of the wheel.
[NOTE. The above extract from the specification is inserted in place of the claims]
Claims ( 1 ). In the improved windmill for pumping water the same consisting in combination of a disc revolved by sails - the disc being connected to a rocking bar by means of a connecting rod the rocking bar being fulcrumed to a bracket - and having a pump rod attached thereto and means for adjusting length of stroke a vane rod being secured by means - of a stay pin to a projection from the main bracket and linked to a lever fitted with a weight said vane rod having a chain or cord attached thereto said chain or cord running over pulleys and down to a winch through the centre of 0main bracket for the purpose set forth as described and illustrated.
[NOTE. Here follow four other claims]
Claims ( 1 ). The combination with a framework having means for displaying advertising matter of an aermotor that directly revolves the framework as described ( 2 ). The com bination with the subject matter of claim 1 of a flap or leaf hinged on the framework and kept close thereagainst by the action of a spring and a weight upon the leaf to cause the leaf to open by centrifugal force as the framework rotates as and for the purposes specified ( 3 ). The general arrangement construction and combination of parts constituting the improved means for displaying advertising matter substantially as described and operating in the manner set forth.
[NOTE. This is an application under section 98 of the Act the date given being the official date of the application in Australia].
Claims ( 1 ). In apparatus for displaying automatically altered advertisements a cabinet having windows behind which the advertisements are displayed and means for changing said advertisements at intervals in combination with a windmill or other source of power substantially as and for the purposes specified and as illustrated in the drawings ( 2 ). In apparatus for displaying automatically altered advertisements sheets or _ leaves carrying said advertisements attached each to one of a series of rods extending between and connected to a pair of driving chains substantially as and for the purposes specified and as illustrated in the drawings.
[NOTE. Here follow two other claims]
Claims( 1 ). In an improved windmill the dish sail sub stantially as set forth and illustrated ( 2 ). In combination the dish sail braces arms and brackets composing sections of improved windmills substantially as and for the purpose set forth ( 3 ). In combination the internal turntable as set forth and described in connection with the hollow gudgeon plate and cup footstep as shown in the drawing substantially as and for the purpose stated
Claim. In the improvements to windmill mechanism for pumping water the method of interlinking the pull wire or chain of such by angle irons with abutting rims formed thereon such rims being coupled together by means of a split collar for the purpose set forth as described and illustrated
[NOTE. This is an application under section 98 of the Act the date given being the official date of the application in Australia].
Claims - ( 1 ). In windmill gearing two sprockets secured vertically to each other and connected by a link chain to which the crank rod is secured one sprocket being keyed to the wind wheel spindle and the other so fixed as to be capable of adjustment relativelygto the]first substantially as described and as illustrated.
[NOTE. Here follow four other claims]
Claim ( 1 ). In means for the purpose specified the combination with a windmill of a water tank adapted to be supplied by such windmill a lever pivoted upon the windmill a float arranged within the tank and suspended on one end of the lever and connections extending between the other end of the lever and the windmill gearing substantially as specified.
[NOTE. Here follows one other claim]
Improvements in feathering wind sails or propellers applicable p1 for windmills air ships and other purposes. Claim ( 1 ). In a wind motor or aerial propeller in which sails vanes or paddles arranged in a circular series about a wheel like frame are geared so as to be revolved backwards about their individual spindles while being carried forward by the revolution of the frame the arrangement of additional mechanisms each of which is operative upon a respective sail vane or paddle in such a manner as to increase its backward motion about its spindle on the driving side of the wheel and to reduce such backward motion upon the non driving or return side of the wheel substantially as described.
[NOTE. Here follow four other claims]
Relates to the principle wherein the wind wheel has independent movement in relation to the tail piece against a counter acting factor and consists in vertically hinging the tail piece to the pivoted head frame and positioning the wind wheel at such a distance forward of the axis of the pivot that the wind pressure acting bn the surface of the wind wheel imparts a predetermined effort to the same to rotate1 about said pivot and towards the hinged vane which latter remains parallel in the direction of the wind.
[13 figures 5 claims]
Consists of a bucket that is suspended from one end of a counter weighted rope. This rope is connected with the gearing and its counterweight is adapted to overcome the weight of the empty bucket so as to draw the gearing into gear but is adapted to be over come by the weight of the full bucket and draw the gearing out of gear. The bucket is suspended from the rope in such a manner that it may readily be tipped to empty its contents but so that it will normally retain its upright position. An overflow pipe leads from the storage tank to the bucket so as to conduct the overflow from the tank into the bucket to fill it and cause the gearing to be put out of gear. A float is placed within the tank and from this float a rope or wire is led to the bottom of the bucket. This wire is made taut and adjusted in length so that when the float falls to a certain level with the lowering of the water level in the tank it will cause the bottom of the bucket to be lifted there by tilting the bucket in its supports and discharging it of its contents. The emptying of the bucket will therefore allow the counterweight to act and draw it up again while putting the pump into gear. The bucket is thus filled by the overflowing of the tank 0 and is emptied through the lowering of the water level therein and by varying the length of wire or rope connection between the float and the bucket the amount that the float must drop in order to upset the bucket may be adjusted.
Consists in a flat plate of suitable metal of an area and thickness according to the strength required that is formed with a slot extending inward from one side adapted to pass on to the leg or post to be supported. The slot is formed with a branch on one or each of its edges which is adapted to receive a wedge driven down therein that then engages between the surface of the leg or post and the end of the branch and thereby locks the plate firmly to such leg or post. The mouth of the slot is provided with a pivoted link adapted to extend across it and to close the opening against the removal of the plate.
[2 figures 2 claims].
Comprises the the ordinary rotating table or stand. A mounted upon the top of the windmill frame B. From opposite sides of this table pipe standards C extend upward. These standards at their top ends are provided with any suitable form of bearing E to receive and support the main axle F which is then kept from movement in its bearings by means of the set screws e or other fastenings. These standards and axle form the frame to support the wind wheel G which is of any of the ordinary constructions of wheel but which in this invention is provided with a coupling boss g by means of which it is coupled to the driving pinion H also mounted on the axle F. Thus there is direct motion conveyed from the wind wheel to the driving pinion the two revolving together upon the fixed axle and thus distributing the wear over a wide surface as compared with the axle rotating in its bearings. If desired the wind wheel hub may be bushed with a suitable wear resisting metal. The driving pinion H gears with the gear wheel J to which the pump crank rod K is attached in any suit able manner. This gear wheel is also mounted on a horizontal fixed axle pin M that is attached to the adjacent standard C by means of the clamp m. The wind vane shown in the drawings is constructed of two pieces N of sheet metal each of which has its top and bottom edges bent outward at right angles to its main part as at 0 -. These are then arranged back to back as shown in the drawings with their flanges 0 respectively extending in opposite directions. A pipe P is fastened by means of a clamp p on to one of the standards G so as to extend horizontally and the metal sheets composing the vane are arranged on opposite sides of the pipe and are fastened together by bolts K passing through them so as thereby to tightly grip the pipe. The pipe support extends along the middle line of the vane. A wind vane constructed in this manner provides for the wind obtaining a quicker grip of it than with the usual constructions so that a quicker response is obtained in the movements of the rota ting table.
[2 figures 4 claims]
Consists in a windmill of the combination with a blade provided. With an opening therethrough a first member extending through the opening and a blade embracing member having an opening therethrough for the blade the embracing member being anchored to the first member to fix the pitch of the blade. It comprises also concentric blade mouhtihgs a series of blades through which the outer mounting extends and means anchored to the outer mounting and embracing the blades to fix the pitch of the blades as to the mounting. Wind strain distributing means may be provided for steadying the shaft in the frame embody ing a pair of cranks driven by the shaft and a shaft. I for the cranks the frame providing a bearing for the crank shaft intermediate the cranks. Other features are comprised in invention j.
[10 figures 22 claims].
Consists of the combination with a vertical shaft of a series of pivoted radial arms each carrying a vane and means for raising and lowering the vanes to and from the horizontal plane. Other features are comprised in invention.
[5 figures 7 claims].
Comprises a gear box provided with bearings to receive a horizontal shaft a portion of which projects within such gear box. A crank pin within the gear box is rotated by the shaft and a vertical rod is slidably mounted in bearings in the box so as to be capable of reciprocal movement vertically under action of the crank pin. A second vertical rod the upper end of which enters the gear box is connected with so as to be operated by first rod while the lower end of the rod extends downwards and is connected with the connecting rod of the pump. Such lower end of the rod as it reciprocates in the lower bearing is adapted to operate as a pump for the purpose of elevating oil from the bottom of the gear box to the working parts above.
Consists of a plurality of vanes or sails supported around a horizontal shaft and forming a hollow cone lying horizontally with its base facing the wind the surface of each sail presenting its edge to the wind at the base of the cone and lying at that point in the periphery of the base and the surface of each sail graduating from peripheral at the base to radial at the apex of the cone through the medium of a twist in each sail.
[13 figures 4 claims]
According to this invention in order to elevate the oil 6 from the crank case to the moving parts upon the crank case 4 or the portion of the shaft within the crank case are provided a pair of radially arranged dippers 9 adapted at each revolution of such shaft to dip beneath the surface of the oil 6 arid so pick up a certain quantity of the latter which as such dippers assume the upward position flows down upon the crank and shaft. To distribute the oil so supplied the crank brasses and the bearings 2 are formed with channels or oil ways while to carry the excess of oil the outer ends of the bearings are provided with holes 10 communicating between such oil channels in the bearings and the crank case.
[2 figures 2 claims].
According hereto an oil chamber to hold the mechanism is provided and mounted on the ordinary c tubular pillar journalled vertically in the frame. The chamber is made approximately of oblong shape in plan and the tubular pillar is carried up oh its inside to a height above the normal level of the oil placed within the chamber. The sail shaft is journalled in the sides of the chamber near one end and extends transversely at right angles therewith and is formed with a crank arranged within the chamber or has a crank disk secured upon its end and situated within such chamber. A pit man beam has one of its ends pivoted to the opposite end of the chamber and its other end connected to the crank or crank disk by a suitable connecting rod so that the rotation of the sail shaft will convey an up and down rocking motion to such beam. The beam is bifurcated at a point between its ends so as to enclose the top end of the pillar and thus permit of its free up and down movement and pivoted to the two sides of the bi fur cated portion are vertically extending rods that are formed with slides that pass up within guides formed on the sides of the chamber and are connected together at their top ends by means of a cross head. This cross head thus extends across above the end of the tubular pillar and moves up and down with the rocking movements of the pit man beam. The top end of the pump plunger or power rod is passed up through the tubular pillar and is secured bo the cross head so that its movements will be conveyed to such plunger or rod in the desired manner.
[3 figures 3 claims].
The invention consists in transforming the rotary motion of the windmill sails into reciprocating motion by means of a crank connected to one end of a lever by a rod the other end of the lever being connected by a link to the pump or other rod to which it is re quired to give reciprocating motion. The upward movement of the pump or other rod is assisted by a spring in compression beneath a nut or the like upon the rod. The vane for bringing the sails into the wind is fixed to a bracket operated by a weighted lever fulcrumed upon a bracket.
[3 figures 5 claims].
Consists in the use in windmills of a pivotally mounted casing having the sail shaft passing horizontally through it and journalled in its sides a slide guide extending up one side of the casing a cross head mounted to slide up and down on such guide and formed with a horizontal groove in its face a crank pin engaging in such groove a counter shaft journalled in the casing side upon which such crank pin is mounted and gearing contained within the casing and connecting the sail shaft with the counter shaft. Other features are contained in in vention.
[7 figures 6 claims].
Consists essentially of a base plate with a horizontal end for the purpose of fitting upon the tower of a windmill. At or about the centre of the base plate is a hole through which is placed a spindle or axle to one end of which is connected the sails of the windmill and to the other end of which ( fitting flush with the base plate is a pinion on the outside of which is a grooved roller. At the back of the base plate is a bracket the centre of which surrounds the spindle or axle. This bracket is to assist in supporting the spindle or axle. Situated in front of the base plate is an endless toothed rack to the bottom of which is connected the pump rod. Upon the face of the endless toothed rack are two brackets supporting a guide rod working within the grooved roller. Connected each or either end of the endless toothed rack are two spiral springs. These springs are to balance the weight of the pump rod and plunger. Between the base plate and the endless toothed rack are ball bearings.
[2 figures 1 claim].
According to this invention the windmill is constructed - with an oil reservoir which surrounds and is secured to a vertical tubular casing adapted to be mounted by any suitable means so as to be horizontally revolvable on the upper end of a tower. The shaft on which the sails or wind motor are - mounted passes through the reservoir the sails of wind motor being outside the latter on the wind motor shaft and within the reservoir are toothed pinions meshing with gear wheels mounted on the inside of the reservoir walls. Driving rods one from each of the gear wheels are connected at their upper ends either directly or indirectly to a plunger working in the tubular casing so that the rotary motion of the gear wheels causes the aforesaid plunger to operate vertically within the casing. The usual pump plunger for elevating water is connected by a rod or rods to the plunger working in the casing and is operated simultaneously therewith. In order to render the mill self oiling the reservoir is filled with oil to the level of the lower side of the wind motor shaft and openings are provided in the tubular teasing above the oil level in order that oil thrown upwards by the movement of the working parts will enter the casing and lubricate same internally.
[2 figures 4 claims].
Comprises an oil - containing receptacle mounted upon the main bearings or other portions of the wind mill mechanism a plurality of tubes connecting with the portions of the mechanism to be lubricated each of such tubes extending upwardly within the said receptacle to a height above the oil level of the latter siphons of worsted or other absorbent material pro vided in each of said tubes and adapted to provide a gradual supply of oil to the latter from the receptacle arid an elongated cup provided upon the crank bearing adapted to collect oil from its said tube throughout the entire revolution of the crank and to supply such oil to such bearing.
[2 figures 2 claims].
Providing means whereby when a receiving tank has been filled with water to any desired level the pumping operations will be stopped and when such level has fallen again they will be resumed so that the level is automatically maintained and any excess pumping prevented. The means consist in the com bination with the delivery pipe having means for closing its outlet when the water level rises to the required height of a cylinder mounted on such pipe and the inner end of which is connected with it a plunger fitting within the cylinder and a plunger rod extending out the other end of the cylinder and connected with means whereby on the plunger moving out through the cylinder a pull will be exerted upon the ordinary and well known draw ropes or other device whereby the windmill will be turned out of gear. The closing of the delivery outlet will cause the water to be diverted into the cylinder under the pump s pressure and for such pressure then to force the plunger out against the tendency keeping it nor mally at the inner end. When the delivery outlet opens again the water will flow from the cylinder back into the delivery pipe and allow the plunger to move in again and the windmill to come into gear.
[2 figures 3 claims].
The invention consists in employing a series or number of windmills arranged and geared in such a manner as to all operate a common driving shaft or rod which in turn operates a pump rod or rods or other mechanism. The mills are arranged on one or more horizontal supports or beams mounted one above the other at the required height from the ground on a tower provided with a revolving platform. Which may be turned so as to cause the mills to face the required direction to suit the wind.
[1 figure 4 claims].
Is characterized by hollow horizontally rotating vanes approximately pyramidal in shape and truncated at their apexes whereby holes are left for the passage of air also a brake for controlling the speed of rotation of the vanes.
The means consist in providing a windmill on which is mounted a metal box or drum containing marbles small stones pieces of solid metal or the like so that on the rotation of the mill the box or drum is revolved and a noise set up by the movements of the marbles stones or metal within the drum or box which noise is continued as long as the windmill operates and with the movements of the mill is intended to frighten birds away.
[2 figures 3 claims].
The invention consists in pivotally mounting or hinge ing each sail of the mill radially between the outer frame and the hub or boss and in also pivotally connecting one of the inner corners of each sail to a loose ring surrounding the hub. Two arms weighted at their outer ends are secured one to each of two sails directly opposite each other said arms being connected by a suitable tension spring the tendency being when the speed of the mill increases for the weighted arms to fly outwards and cause the front edges of the sails to which said arms are attached to come closer up to the wind the latter movement causing all of the sails to do likewise.
[2 figures 4 claims].
Consist in the combination with the water main leading to the tank and having its outlet into the tank controlled by a ball cock of a special spring controlled valve arranged to normally close a branch from the water main which branch is connected with the lever water vessel. On the filling of the tank and the resultant closing of the mains outlet into the tank the pressure of water in the main is directed to the spring valve so as to force it open and thereby allow the lever water vessel to be filled in order to operate the lever in the required manner to stop further pumping. The said water vessel is in this invention provided with a small discharge aperture that is always open so that the vessel may empty itself in a reasonable time and permit the lever to rise and the gear to be re engaged. This feature will permit of the tank and the control means being placed at any desired relative levels as the emptying of the water vessel on the lever is not dependent on the fall of the water level in the tank as is the case with most of the automatic controls of this class necessitating the arrangement of the tank and lever at approximately the same level. In the present case should the pump be placed in gear while the water tank is still filled the control means would be brought instantly into operation to put it out of gear again.
[2 figures 4 claims].
The - invention consists of rectangular shaped metal wind planes fixed at their centres to axles said axles revolving in pivot bearings between arms attached to metal plates mounted upon an axle revolving in bearings supported by suitable framework. On one of the metal plates are mounted upon pins a number of cog wheels and cog pinions according to the number of wind planes employed and on the frame of the mill is a central stationary cog wheel which meshes with the cog pinions and through the hub of which passes the main central axle the hub serving as a bearing for the axle. To each of the cog wheels other than the centre one is pivotally connected a pit man which by means of a crank fitted to one end of the wind planes axle rotates the wind planes as the main axle revolves in its bearings on the supporting frame by which means the wind planes are brought into and taken out of the wind instead of the pit man and crank sprocket wheels mounted upon the main axle and upon the wind planes axle may be used and the wind planes rotated by these sprocket wheels and sprocket chains. A tail is fitted to the mill of any suitable type to bring the mill into the wind and when taken out of the wind the mill requires no brake as when in that position the edges of the wind planes are dead against the wind and offer little or no resistance to the wind pressure.
[5 figures 1 claim].
The invention consists in the combination with thei ordinary control pull of a bucket that is suspended thereon and formed with a small outlet in its bottom and in the combination therewith of an overflow pipe from the tank that leads downwards into such bucket. The bucket is made of such a capacity that when filled its weight is sufficient to pull the windmill out of gear so that the pumping and the overflow ceases. The water in the bucket then leaks slowly through the outlet and reduces the suspended weight until the ( r - t x control gear takes charge and swings the gear into operation again. The said bucket is provided with a guard surrounding the outlet to prevent the lodgment of any grit in the hole that would serve to block it. In use also the bucket is preferably suspended within the top of the well from which the water is being pumped so that the overflow from the tank will find its way back into the well and thus be saved.
[1 figure 3 claims].
Abstract The invention relates to wings for windmills and wind-motors and it has for its object to give the resultant pressure at any point of the wing-surface such a direction relatively to the direction of the resultant wind-velocity that the maximum possible impression of power per surface unit of the active surfaces of the wings is attained. This is attained by the surface of the wings ( the windward as well as the lee portion of the wing-surfaces ) being given such a shape that the air-streams coming into contact with the wings during the motion of the wings strike the wing-surface without shock and leave it without injurious suctions and eddy-formations whereby these injurious effects which both tend to give the resulting pressure an unfavourable direction are avoided [ 5 figures 2 claims ].
According to the invention the slidable pump rod or slidable vertical power shaft which is contained within the engine supporting tower is adapted to slidingly co operate with a circular or equivalent endless groove channel rib or - element which is rigidly carried by the wind - wheel shaft in a plane at right angles thereto and in eccentric relation to said shaft in such a manner that upon the rotation of the wind - wheel shaft and consequent eccentric revolution of the endless groove channel rib or other element the upper extremity of the vertical power shaft or a part directly carried thereby hv aligned extension directly engaging the eccentric groove or member is caused to reciprocate in its longitude and no lateral or other movement is imparted to the vertical power shaft or the part carried thereby & c.
[4 figures 8 claims].
It is capable of crushing a larger amount of material with a less expenditure of power than any other mill now in use. It is as well adapted to the grinding of all kinds of grain as it is to the manipulation of gold quartz and other substances. The shell is shown in drawing to be 3 feet diameter and 5 inches wide which is the ordinary size it is however made either larger or smaller to suit the power applied. A steel shaft passes through the centre armed with six projections or arms reaching nearly to periphery or rim which is corrugated on its inner side. The arms are either curved straightly faced or corrugated. The curved arms are as shown and described in drawing. The strafghtly faced arm differs from the curved inasmuch as it is flanged upon the point with a rib at back for strength between the boss and the flange the thickness of metal is less for the purpose of giving room for material to be pulverized. The corrugated differs from the straightly faced arm only in having corrugations upon the faced side. The straight and the corrugated arm can be only driven one way the curved arm can be driven either way f. The periphery or rim can be cast in sections or in a piece. The covering of periphery or rim is sometimes cast with a hand hole at bottom for the purpose of abstracting any substance that may lie on the bottom of the rim. The material to be crushed is thrown in alongside the shaft and has its exit pnthe opposite side through a pipe. Each piece of ore or other material as received is strick en by the arms and immediately rendered dust fine in which condition it is thrown out at the tube on the opposite side by their action as a centrifugal blower. The fineness of the product and efficiency of the mill depend entirely upon the velocity with which it is moved and the position of the pipe for the exit of the ground material. At low velocities it is an excellent grain mill and at high velocities the hardest gold quartz can be ground to an impalpable powder. The exit pipe should pass into a room of sufficient length to enable the different products as in the grinding of wheat to settle by their difference of gravity in various portions of the room thus doing away with thevnecessity of bolting bran dusting and c. It may be used for various purposes other than those enumerated such as preparing facing4 for foundries disintegrating short pieces of old rope in place of picking bakum preparing linseed prior to its being pressed crushing poppy and other oil yielding seeds preparing dye wood after being sawn into blocks previously to separating the extract crushing bones grinding corn oats and c as horse feed beating cut corn stalks into the loose fibre after having been passed through the cutting box grinding wheat without the flour being rubbed as in other mills and cleanly separating by difference of gravity the bran and c dividing bark for tanners use into a fibre instead of compressed particles so as the more readily to admit of the extraction of the tannic acid grinding loaf sugar. Also for the preparation of zinc and other ores previously to their use in furnaces preparation of bone black for blacking printing ink and c the division of fur preparatory to felting grinding drugs grinding white lead in the dry state arsenic baryta and c griuding of old firebricks in the manufacture of clay retorts preparation of plumbago for black lead pots division of the coarser kinds of paper stock into fibre ( such as beech wood shavings cut straw and c grinding of many kinds of snuff and for purposes of disintegration generally. Weight from 600 lbs to 1 800 lbs.
[Drawing].
Extract from. Specification. A series of buckets of triangular cross section is arranged upon carrying rings in such manner that the lowermost bucket is at right angles to the current while the buckets entering and leaving the water are respectively at angles to produce the most effective result and to have little effect in retarding the wheel.
[NOTE - The above extract from the specification is inserted in place of the claims]
Grain is charged through inlet 11 of grinding mill 10 to fall through tube 16 onto rotating plate 17 in grinding chamber 12. Plate 17 and connected plate 19 are rotated by motor 14 and have blades 20 which move air and entrained grain around the inside surface 31 of an annular millstone 30 so that the grain is reduced to powder by abrasion against surface 31. The surface 31 is formed from a moulded ceramic composition including one or more of the components silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide and silicon carbide.
| Last updated 27/07/2020 | Text and images © Mark Berry, 1997-2020 - |