
A tall brick tower mill with three pairs of overdriven millstones, Stansted Mill was built in 1787. The history and technology of the mill are well-described by Kenneth G. Farries in his five-volume work, Essex Windmills, Millers &Millwrights, published in the 1980s.
Beset with mechanical problems, the mill could not be run profitably in its last years of operation and became the source of a great deal of frustration for tenant and landlord. In the 1930s the mill was preserved for posterity by parish residents, assisted by the Windmill Section of the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings which launched an appeal for funds. Since the 1930s the mill has been repaired several times. In 2010, the cap of the mill was removed for repair, with the aim of eventually returning the windmill to full working order.
Stansted Mill was 'modernised' around the turn of the 20th century, gaining a fantail and patent sails with shutters that could all be adjusted simultaneously. Some of the internal machinery, dating from the time of the original construction, was retained, while other parts were replaced. The millstones are located on what is now the second floor and are overdriven by a large cast-iron great spur wheel. The brake wheel is of cast iron, mounted on an iron windshaft. The cap is dome-shaped with a rear extension that provided shelter for the original hand winding gear.
tower millPhotos: (1) Farries 5 (a) as preserved, August 1940 (b) tail bearing of windshaft, 1972 (2) Farries 2 (a) as preserved (b) tentering gear, 1972 (3) Blythman (a) the curved ladder (4) Farries 1 (a) as preserved (5) D W Smith (a) disused with sails (6) NMR (a-b) disused, Sept 1934 (c) under repair, post-1934 (showing the curved ladder being used to carry out the work) (d) disused, pre-1934 (e) as preserved, post-1934 (7) UOK (MC) (a-b) as preserved, Aug 1933 (c-d) ditto, August 1940 (e-j) internal views, April 1940 (8) ERO (a-d) as preserved, mid-C20 (with proper sails) (e) as preserved (?) 1922 (f) as preserved, c1970, with dummy sails (9) SWM (a) disused with sail frames and no fan, mid-distance (10) Vince 1993 (a) as preserved, 1980s/90s (11) guide to mill (4th edition 1987) (a-b) w/o, c1870 (c) stocks being replaced and mill surrounded by scaffolding during restoration, 1966 (d) as preserved, 1987, with proper single-sided sails (12) ECC (DEW) (a) as preserved, 1990s, with proper single-sided sails (13) Turpin (WIE) (a-b) as preserved, 1970s, with dummy sails (14) Vince 1973 (a) pre-served with dummy sails, 1966 (15) NCL (RW) (a) disused with sails (16) ERO (FC) (a) preserved, 1930s (b) preserved, with repairs being carried out to the cap using the curved ladder, 1950s (c) derelict with four sails, 1924 (d) as preserved, mid-C20, with proper sails (e) preserved, 1931, with fan and proper sails (f-g) detail of millstone, December 1972 (h) sack hoist bollard, September 1972 (i) weatherbeam and pillow blocks, December 1972 (j) part of cap frame with centring wheels, December 1972 (k) part of cap frame, brakewheel and wallower (l) rollers and centring wheel, December 1972 (m-n) front of windshaft with neck bearing, December 1972 (o-p) wallower and sackhoist drive, December 1972 (q-r) prior to repairs, with sails down to one stock and fan and fanstage gone, August 1953 (s) old wooden winding worm on display inside mill, December 1972 (t) w/o, mid-distance, lower part obscured by houses, late C19/early C20 (u) as preserved with fan and proper sails, and white cap, mid-C20 (v) one pair of stones (w) one pair of stones, December 1972 (x) tentering gear (y) sack hoist gear and chain, December 1972 (z) old wooden winding worm lying on ground at base of tower together with another item of machinery, October 1960 (aa) windshaft, brakewheel and wallower, December 1972 (ab) windshaft and brakewheel, December 1972 (ac) great spur wheel viewed from below, December 1972 (ad) preserved, mid-C20